ACUTE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION

Acute upper respiratory tract infection GENERAL REVIEW 
       CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
        Acute upper respiratory tract infections are usually divided into five types:
        Cold. This syndrome is characterized mainly by obstruction familiar with nasal discharge, sore throat, sneezing, hoarseness, different degrees of malaise, cough, sinusitis and otitis. Fever is usually absent in adults, but May be present in small children.
        Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis). This is most often infected by parainfluenza virus small children to the anatomical location of the subglottal area. It produces hoarseness, a "seal bark" cough and signs of upper airway obstruction with inspiratory stridor and suprasternal retraction xiphoid, but no pain on swallowing.
        Herpangina. This disease is usually an infection by the Coxsackie A virus in early childhood with a sore throat and fever. The epiglottis is markedly swollen with a red cherry.

Respiratory tract infection may be one of the most common man and is a source of discomfort, disability and loss of time for most adults. It is also a major cause of morbidity and serious illnesses in young children and the elderly, including inflammation of nasal passages, nasopharynx, pharynx and larynx. Most cases are caused by viruses such as rhinovirus, para influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, influenza A, B and C viruses, etc, but by bacteria such as pneumococcus, hemolytic streptococcus, and Haemophilus staphy lococcus. Many of these viral infections run their natural course in older children and adults without specific treatment and without significant risk of bacterial complications. In young children and the elderly or people with impaired lung function, bacterial infection increases morbidity and mortality.
        Into. traditional Chinese medicine, this condition is often called seasonal disease or external condition, which refers to the illness or the symptoms caused by the six pathogenic factors, namely wind, cold, summer heat, humidity, drought, fire, as well as infections and malignant pathogens. 

        Pharyngo conjunctival fever. The causes of this disorder are adenovirus, Coxsackie and influenza A, B and C viruses, and it is mainly characterized by fever, sore throat, increased discharge in the eyes, photophobia and congestion of the conjunctiva.
       Bacterial pharyngotonsillitis. The most common cause of disease-hemolytic streptococcus, staphylococcus and pneumococcus. Its features are the onset with chills and fever, and marked congestion of the pharynx. The temperature is above 39 ℃ and the amygdala is enlarged with yellowish exudate on the mucosal surface.
DIAGNOSIS
       Essentials of diagnosis are:
       . Sudden onset of fever, chills, malaise, cough, coryza and muscle aches.
       . Pain, fever and catarrhal symptoms.
       . Bacterial infection secondary to an increase in white blood cells.
       . Chest X-ray is normal.
TREATMENT
       Bed rest is important to reduce complications, and analgesic and sedative cough mixture May be used. Antibiotics should be reserved for treatment of bacterial complications. Antihistamines are of value in allergic rhinitis or vasomotor.
       In traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture therapy and herbal therapies are very effective for this disease and the disease is recognized as two different types caused by wind and cold and wind and heat.
       Influenza caused by wind and cold, the head shows symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, nasal obstruction and nasal discharge thin. The patient does not feel thirsty often, but it has a surface tension and pulse. The tongue is covered with a thin white coating. The general rules for the treatment of this type are to use drugs sudorific strong pungent taste and warm property to dispel wind and cold outside symptom complex. The formula is more effective Jin Fang Bai Du San Jia Jian.
       Constituents:
       Jingji (grass) 12g
       Fangfeng (root) 12g
       Chinese thorowax 15-30g
       Racine violet flower peucedanunm 15g
       Notopterygium 12g
       Angelica (root) 10g
       Chuanxiong (rhizome) 12g
       Apricot kernel 12g
       Tatarian aster 20g
       Common Coltsfoot Flower 10g
       Licorice root 6g
       Decoction and dosage. Put all the herbs together to be baked twice, then the stock of each joint, half the broth mixture each time, twice a day.
       If a high fever continued for two days, 30 g of gypsum is added to the formula above.
       If coughing attacks often spin-leaved Fritillary bulb (10g) and Pinellia (tuber) (10g) are included in the formula.
       If headaches are frequent, the roots of herbaceous peony (12g) and Ligusticum (rhizome) (12g) are increased in the formula.
       Influenza caused by wind and heat is usually fever, headache, sweating, feeling cold, thirst and pain in the throat. The pulse is rapid, shallow breathing and the tongue is covered with fine white or slightly yellowish, coated edge and red edge. Processing rules are the same type of wind and cold. The formula is effective San Xiao Jia Yin Jian.
         Constituents:
         Honeysuckle flower 15-30g
         Weeping Forsythia 15-30g
         Bamboo leaves 10g
         Jingji (grass) 12g
         10g Achêne large burdock
         Peppermint (herb) 10g
         Common reed rhizome 30g
         Balloonflower root 30g
         Zhejiang figwort root of 15-30g
         Tuber lilyturf dwarf 18g
         Fresh or dried Rehmannia root 18g
         Gypsum 30g
         Licorice root 6g
         Decoction and dosage is the same.
         If the patient has high fever, the dose of gypsum should be doubled and roots
figwort Zhejiang (30 g) is added.
         If the patient complains of sore throat, a boat-fruited Sterculia (seed) (4 pieces) is added.
         In addition, some herbal pills such as Xiao Du Yin Jian Pills, Xiao Jian Lin Du Pills, Jiu Jiang Wei Huo Pills, Xiao Qiang Li Yin Tablet, Sang Ju Gan Mao and Tablet effective are the herbal medicines.
        Acupuncture is a proven effective therapy for this Disord

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